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_____________________________________________________________________________ | 9-year-olds | 13-year-olds | Selected characteristics |_______________________|_______________________| of students | 1971 |1980 | 1990 | 1971 |1980 | 1990 | ____________________________|_______|_______|_______|_______|_______|_______| Total .................... 208 215 209 255 259 257 | | Sex | Male ..................... 201 210 204 250 254 251 | Female ................... 214 220 215 261 263 263 | | Race/ethnicity | White .................... 214 221 217 261 264 262 | Black .................... 170 189 182 222 233 242 | Hispanic ................. (2/) 190 189 (2/) 237 238 | | Parental education | Not high school graduate . 189 194 193 238 239 241 | Graduated high school .... 208 213 209 256 254 251 | Post high school ......... 224 226 218 270 271 267 | | Reading materials in the | home3/ | Less than 2 items......... 186 --- 196 227 --- 240 | 3 items................... 208 --- 211 249 --- 255 | 4 items................... 223 --- 226 267 --- 266 | | Control of school | Public ................... --- 214 208 --- 257 255 | Private .................. --- 227 228 --- 271 270 | ____________________________________________________________________________|---Data not available.
____________________________________________________ | 17-year-olds1/ Selected characteristics |_______________________ of students | 1971 |1980 | 1990 ____________________________|_______|_______|_______ Total .................... 285 286 290 Sex Male ..................... 279 282 284 Female ................... 291 289 297 Race/ethnicity White .................... 291 293 297 Black .................... 239 243 267 Hispanic ................. (2/) 261 275 Parental education Not high school graduate . 261 262 270 Graduated high school .... 283 278 283 Post high school ......... 302 299 300 Reading materials in the home3/ Less than 2 items......... 246 --- 271 3 items................... 274 --- 286 4 items................... 296 --- 299 Control of school Public ................... --- 284 289 Private .................. --- 298 311 __________________________________________________
1/All participants of this age were in school.
2/Test scores of Hispanics were not tabulated separately..
3/The 4 items in the scale were: newspapers, magazines, more than 25 books, and an encyclopedia in the home.
NOTE: The NAEP scores range from 0 to 500, but have been evaluated at certain performance levels. A score of 300 implies an ability to find, understand, summarize, and explain relatively complicated literary and informational material. A score of 250 implies an ability to search for specific information, interrelate ideas, and make generalizations about literature, science, and social studies materials. A score of 200 implies an ability to understand, combine ideas, and make inferences based on short uncomplicated passages about specific or sequentially related information. A score of 150 implies an ability to follow written directions and select phrases to describe pictures.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress, The Reading Report Card, 1971-88; and Trends in Academic Progress, prepared by Educational Testing Service.