A r c h i v e d  I n f o r m a t i o n

American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education. (1989).

Recruiting minority teachers. Washington, DC: Author.

Arias, M., & Casanova, U. (Eds.) (1993).

Bilingual education: Politics, practice, and research. Chicago, IL: The National Society for the Study of Education, University of Chicago Press.

Berman, P., Chambers, J., Gandara, P., McLaughlin, B., Minicucci, C., Nelson, B., Olsen, L., & Parrish, T. (1992).

Meeting the challenge of language diversity. Berkeley, CA: BS Associates.

Brophy, J. (1987, October).

Synthesis of research on strategies for motivating students to learn. Educational Leadership, 40-48.

California Department of Education. (1991).

Schooling and language minority students: A theoretical framework. Los Angeles, CA: California State University, Los Angeles.

California Department of Education Task Force on Selected LEP Issues. (1991a).

Remedying the shortage of teachers for limited-English-proficient students. Sacramento, CA: Author.

California Department of Education. (1991b).

Language census report for California public schools. Sacramento, CA: Author.

Chamot, A. (1985).

English language development through a content-based approach. In Issues in English language development. Rosslyn, VA: InterAmerica Research Associates.

Collier, V. (1985).

University models for ESL and bilingual teacher training. In Issues in English language development. Rosslyn, VA: InterAmerica Research Associates.

Cummins, J. (1991).

The role of primary language development in promoting educational success for language minority students. In California Department of Education, Schooling and language minority students: A theoretical framework. Los Angeles, CA: California State University, Los Angeles.

Darling-Hammond, L. (1991).

Are our teachers ready to teach? Quality Teaching, 1, 1, 6-7. Washington, DC: National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE).

Dolson, D. (1985).

The application of immersion education in the United States. Rosslyn, VA: National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education.

Fleischman, H. L., & Hopstock, P. J. (1993).

Descriptive study of services to LEP students: Volume I summary of findings and conclusions. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, Office of the Under Secretary.

Fleischman, H. L., & Hopstock, P. J. (in press).

Descriptive study of services to LEP students: Volume III case studies. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, Office of the Under Secretary.

Government Accounting Office. (1987).

Bilingual education: A new look at the research evidence. Washington, DC: Author.

Government Accounting Office. (1994).

Limited English proficiency: A growing and costly educational challenge facing many school districts. Washington, DC: Author.

Garcia, E. (1990).

Educating teachers for language minority students. In Handbook for research on teacher education. New York: McMillan.

Genzuk, M., & Hentschke, G. (1992, May).

Career pathways for para-educators: The Ford Foundation University of Southern California Latino Teacher Project. Los Angeles, CA: USC Latino Teacher Project.

Gutmann, A. (1987).

Democratic education. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Hakuta, K. (1985).

Cognitive development in bilingual instruction. In Issues in English language development. Roslyn, VA: InterAmerica Research Associates.

Hamayan, E., & Pfleger, M. (1987).

Developing literacy in English as a second language: Guidelines for teachers of young children from non-literate backgrounds. Wheaton, MD: National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education.

Joyce, B. (Ed.). (1990).

Changing school culture through staff development. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Joyce, B., Wolf, J., & Calhoun, E. (1993).

The self-renewing school. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Kennedy, M. (Ed.). (1991).

Teaching academic subjects to diverse learners. New York: Teachers College Press.

Krashen, S. (1991).

Bilingual education and second language acquisition theory. In California Department of Education, Schooling and language minority students: A theoretical framework. Los Angeles, CA: California State University, Los Angeles.

Leighton, M. S., Russo, A. W. W., & Hightower, A. M. (1992, December).

Developing an effective instructional workforce for students with limited English proficiency. Washington, DC: Policy Studies Associates.

Lessow-Hurley, J. (1991).

The commonsense guide to bilingual education. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Little, J. (1992).

Teachers' professional development in a climate of educational reform. Paper prepared for the Consortium on Policy Research in Education and presented at a Symposium on School Reform and Site-Based Management, September 17-18, 1992, Washington, DC.

Lucas, T. (1992).

Successful capacity building: An analysis of twenty case studies. Oakland, CA: ARC Associates.

Macias, R. (1989).

Bilingual teacher supply and demand in the United States. Claremont, CA: The Tomás Rivera Center.

McCollum, H., & Russo, A. W. W. (1993, March).

Identifying model strategies in bilingual education: Parent involvement and family literacy. Washington, DC: Policy Studies Associates.

Met, M. (1988).

Tomorrow's emphasis in foreign language: proficiency. In R. Brandt (Ed.). Content of the curriculum. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Meyer, M., & Fienberg, S. (Eds.). (1992).

Assessing evaluation studies: The case of bilingual education strategies. Washington, DC: National Research Council, National Academy Press.

Milk, R., Mercado, C., & Sapiens, A. (1992).

Rethinking the education of teachers of language minority children: Developing reflective teachers for changing schools. Washington, DC: National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education.

Mojkowski, C. (1991).

Developing leaders for restructuring schools: New habits of mind and heart. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education.

National Association for Bilingual Education. (1992, November).

Professional standards for the preparation of bilingual/multicultural teachers. Washington, DC: Author.

National Board for Professional Teaching Standards. (1991).

Toward high and rigorous standards for the teaching profession (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: NBPTS.

National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education. (1985).

Issues in English language development. Rosslyn, VA: InterAmerica Research Associates, Inc.

National Council of La Raza. (1991).

The state of Hispanic Americans 1991. Washington, DC: Author.

National Education Goals Panel. (1992).

Building a nation of learners. Washington, DC: Author.

National Forum on Personnel Needs for Districts with Changing Demographics. (1990, May).

Staffing the multilingually impacted schools of the 1990s. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Bilingual Education and Minority Language Affairs.

Nelson-Le Gall, S. (1990).

Perceiving and displaying effort in achievement settings. In T. Tomlinson (Ed.), Hard work and high expectations: Motivating students to learn. Washington, DC: Office of Educational Research and Improvement, USED.

Nieto, S. (1992).

Affirming diversity: The sociopolitical context of multicultural education. New York: Longman.

Olsen, L., & Mullen, N. (1990).

Embracing diversity: Teachers' voices from California's classrooms. San Francisco, CA: California Tomorrow.

Ramirez, D., Yuen, S., Ramey, D., & Pasta, D. (1990).

Final report: longitudinal study of immersion strategy, early-exit, and late-exit transitional bilingual education programs for language-minority children. (Contract No. 300-87-0156, U.S. Department of Education). San Mateo, CA: Aguirre International.

Schmidt, P. (1992, February 5).

Shortage of trained bilingual teachers is focus of both concern and attention. Education Week.

Shulman, L. S. (1986, February).

Those who understand: knowledge growth in teaching. Educational Researcher, Vol. 15, no. 2. pp. 4-14.

Terrell, T. (1991).

The natural approach in bilingual education. In California Department of Education, Schooling and language minority students: A theoretical framework. Los Angeles, CA: California State University, Los Angeles.

Tomlinson, T. (Ed.). (1990).

Hard work and high expectations: Motivating students to learn. Washington, DC: Office of Educational Research and Improvement, USED.

U.S. Department of Education. (1993).

Reinventing Chapter 1: The current Chapter 1 program and new directions. Washington, DC: Author.

U.S. Department of Education. (1992, June 30).

The condition of bilingual education in the nation: A report to the Congress and the President. Washington, DC: Author.

U.S. Department of Education. (1987).

What works: Research about teaching and learning. Washington, DC: Author.

U.S. General Accounting Office. (1987).

Bilingual education: A new look at the research evidence. Washington, DC: Author.

Waggoner, D. (1992, September).

Numbers and needs: Ethnic and linguistic minorities in the United States. Vol. 2, no. 5. Washington, DC: Author.

Walberg, Herbert J. (1988).

Productive educational practices for at-risk youth. In School success for students at risk: Analysis and recommendations of the Council of Chief State School Officers. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

Willig, A. (1985).

A meta-analysis of selected studies on the effectiveness of bilingual education. Review of Educational Research, 55, (3,) pp. 269-317. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association.

Wong Fillmore, L. (1991a, June 19).

A question for early-childhood programs: English first or families first? Education Week, pp. 32 & 34.

Wong Fillmore, L. (1991b).

When learning a second language means losing the first. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 6, pp. 323-346.

Wong Fillmore, L., & Meyer, L. (1992).

The curriculum and linguistic minorities. In P. Jackson (Ed.), Handbook of research on curriculum. New York: MacMillan.

Young, M. B. et al. (1984).

Descriptive phase report of the National Longitudinal Evaluation of the effectiveness of services for language minority limited English proficient students. Arlington, VA: Development Associates and Research Triangle Institute.

[Chapter 5 Policy Implications]

[Site Contacts]