2 Summary Federal Agency Inventory data are provided in Appendix A.
3 "Our Next Race Question," Harper's Magazine, April 1996, v292, n1751, p. 55(9).
4 Bureau of the Census Report, Current Population Survey, March 1994.
5 Census, Hispanic Americans Today, 1993.
6 Census, Population Projection of the United States 1993-2050, CPS Report No. P25-1105, 1993.
7 Gail Eggleston, California Basic Educational Data System, 1993.
8 Jeff Archer, "Surge in Hispanic Student Enrollment Predicted," Education Week, Vol. XV, No. 27, March 27, 1996.
9 Testimony of Dr. Jose Jaime Rivera, President, Association of Puerto Rico University Presidents, Puerto Rico Public Hearings, September 1995.
10 National Commission on Excellence in Education, A Nation At Risk, U.S. Department of Education, Washington, D.C. 1983.
11 1990 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Slides presented: Hispanics in the U.S., The 1990 Census and Beyond.
12 U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics: Bulletin 2472, op. cit. p. 34.
13 U.S. Bureau of Census: Minority Economic Profiles, 1990.
14 Women Workers: Outlook to 2005, Reports from Around the World: USA Women's International Network, WIN News, Winter 1993, v.19, n1, p. 70(2).
15 U.S. Hispanic Chamber of Commerce, 1995.
16 Hispanic Link Weekly Report, July 8, 1996.
17 Stephen Sorensen, Dominic J. Brewer, Stephen J. Carroll, and Eugene Bryton, Increasing Hispanic Participation in Higher Education: A Desirable Public Investment. RAND Institute on Education and Training.
18 Currie, Janet and Thomas, Duncan. Does Head Start Make a Difference? RAND: Santa Monica, CA, 1995.
19 National Center for Education Statistics, The Condition of Education, 1995, p. 29.
20 National Center for Education Statistics, The Condition of Education, 1996, p. 42.
21 National Center for Education Statistics, The Condition of Education, 1995, p. 32.
22 Turning Point (1989). A Report of the Task Force on Education of Young Adolescents, Carneige Corporation, New York.
23 National Center for Education Statistics, The Educational Progress of Hispanic Students, Findings from the Condition of Education 1995, p. 4.
24 National Center for Education Statistics, Dropout Rates in the United States, 1993, p. 102.
25 Wendy Schwartz, "School Dropouts: New Information about an old Problem," ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education, NY Summary of Dream Deferred: High School Dropouts in the U.S., by R.J. Coley.
26 National Center for Education Statistics, Dropout Rates is the U.S., 1993, p. 22.
27 National Center for Education Statistics, Dropout Rates is the U.S., 1993, p. 22.
28 National Center for Education Statistics, Condition of Education, 1996, p. 98.
29 National Center for Education Statistics, The Educational Progress of Hispanic Students, Findings from the Condition of Education, 1995, p. 12.
30 National Center for Education Statistics, NELS: 88, First Follow-up Student Study.
31 Programs for Higher Education Institutions for Disadvantaged Pre-college Students, p. 30.
32 National Center for Education Statistics, The Condition of Education, 1996, p. 203.
33 CASPAR Database, 1994.
34 Digest of Education Statistics 1995, p. 280-289.
35 National Center for Education Statistics, Findings from the Condition of Education 1995, No. 4: The Educational Progress of Hispanic Students, September 1995.
36 The Hispanic Outlook in Higher Education, June 21, 1996, p. 9.
37 National Center for Education Statistics, Findings from the Condition of Education 1995, The Educational Progress of Hispanic Students, U.S. Department of Education, DERI, p. 21.
38 U.S. General Accounting Office, School Finance, Three States' Experiences With Equity in School Funding, December 1995
39 RAND, Federal Policy Options for Improving the Education of Low-Income Students: Volume III Countering Inequity in School Finance, Stephen M. Barro, p. 5.
40 RAND, Federal Policy Options for Improving the Education of Low-Income Students: Volume III Countering Inequity in School Finance, Stephen M. Barro, p. 6.
41 Ibid., p. 5.
42 School Finance: Three States Experiences with Equity in School Funding, p. 29.
43 Ibid., p. 35.
44 Legislative Education Study Committee, May 20, 1996, p. 1.
45 Legislative Education Study Committee, May 20, 1996, p. 1.
46 Legislative Education Study Committee, May 20, 1996, p. 2.
47 December 1995, p. 9.
48 RAND, p. 6.
49 RAND, p. 3.
50 RAND, p. 3.
51 RAND, p. 3.
52 Gary Orfield, The Growth of Segregation in American Schools: Changing Patterns of Separation and Poverty since 1968. A Report of the Harvard Project on School Desegregation to the National School Boards Association, December 1993.
53 Meier, K.J., and Stewart, J. The Politics of Hispanic Education. SUNY: Albany, NY, 1991.
54 Ibid.
55 U.S. Department of Education. Model Strategies in Bilingual Education: Professional Development. Washington, D.C., 1995.
56 Ibid. p. 4.
57 University of California Latino Eligibility Task Force, Latino Student Eligibility and Participation in the University of California: Report Number Four of the Latino Eligibility Task Force, March, 1995.
58 Testimony of Dr. Juan Juarez, Phoenix Public Hearings, February 1994.
59 GAO Report 1994, Limited English Proficiency: A Growing and Costly Education Challenge Facing Many School Districts, p. 34.
60 GAO report, Limited English Proficiency: A Growing and Costly Education Challenge Facing Many School Districts, p. 24.
61 Testimony of Josúe Gonzalez, Professor, Columbia University Teacher's College, Expert Panelist for Bilingual Education, Washington, D.C., 1995.
62 GAO report, Limited English Proficiency: A Growing and Costly Education Challenge Facing Many School Districts, p. 24.
63 Department of Education, Model Strategies in Bilingual Education: Professional Development: 1995, p. 2.
64 Department of Education, Model Strategies in Bilingual Education: Professional Development: 1995, p. 15.
65 U.S. Department of Education, Seventeenth Annual Report to Congress on the Implementation of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act to Assure the Free Appropriate Public Education of all children with Disabilities. Washington, D.C., 1995.
66 National Center for Education Statistics, NELS: 88, First Follow-up Student Study.
67 National Center for Education Statistics, CCD, 1991.
68 Testimony of Mr. Peter D. Roos, META, Inc., Los Angeles Public Hearings, August 1995.
69 Promoting Excellence: Ending Academic Success for Limited English Proficient Students, Guiding Principles, Conducted by the Evaluation Assistance Center: The George Washington University Center for Equity and Excellence in Education, Washington, D.C., 1996.
70 Testimony of Deanna Martin, Director of Center for Academic Development, University of Missouri, Testing and Tracking Expert Panel, Washington, D.C., 1995.
71 Testimony of Ms. Hellen Kelly and Ms. Mary Ann Sesma, Model Technology Schools Project, Los Angeles Public Hearings, August 1995.
72 National Education Goals Report, U.S. Department of Education, 1994.
73 Thomas Rivera Center "Latinos and Information Technology," Claremont, CA, 1996.
74 Digest of Education Statistics: 1995. Tables 413-415.
75 Conditions of Education 1995.
76 Digest of Education Statistics 1995.
77 Dr. Raymundo Paredes, Los Angeles Hearings.
78 The College Board, "1995-1996 Increasing College Costs Averages Six Percent Upward Trend in Student Borrowing Continues," News from the College Board, September 29, 1995.
79 Dr. Raymundo Paredes, Los Angeles Hearings.
80 National Center for Education Statistics, Digest of Education Statistics, 1995, Table 144; data from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 1993.
81 National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics in Brief, U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement, Student Victimization at School, October 1995.
82 Zaida Vega Lugo, Chancellor Inter American University of Puerto Rico, Arecibo Campus, Puerto Rico Hearings.
83 Testimony of Mr. Agustin Marques-Veglio, Work force Preparation, School to Work, Puerto Rico Hearings, September 1995.
84 Testimony of Sandra Espada Santos, Puerto Rico Council on Higher Education, Puerto Rico Hearings, September 1995.
85 Testimony of Dr. Efrain Gonzalez Tgera, Chancellor, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Riedras Campus, Puerto Rico Public Hearings, September 1995.
86 Testimony by Puerto Rico Teacher's Association, Environment and Working Conditions of the Teachers in Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico Hearings, September 1995.
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Appendix A: Federal Agency Inventory