A r c h i v e d  I n f o r m a t i o n

Biennial Evaluation Report - FY 93-94

Chapter 301

Aid to States for Education of Handicapped Children in State-Operated and State-Supported Schools (Chapter 1, ESEA)

(CFDA No. 84.009)

I. Program Profile

Legislation: The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, Title I, Part D, Subpart 2, as amended (20 U.S.C. 2791-2796) (expires September 30, 1999).

Purpose: To provide Federal assistance to supplement the special education needs of children with disabilities through age 21, or early intervention needs of infants and toddlers with disabilities in State-operated or State-supported schools and programs, and for children who have been transferred to local education agencies (LEAs) but who continue to be counted under this program.

Funding History

Fiscal Year Appropriation Fiscal Year Appropriation
1966 $15,917,000 1986 $143,713,000
1970 37,482,000 1987 150,170,000
1975 87,864,000 1988 151,269,000
1980 45,000,000 1989 148,200,000
1981 156,625,000 1990 146,389,000
1982 146,520,000 1991 148,859,000
1983 146,520,000 1992 143,000,000
1984 146,520,000 1993 126,394,000
1985 150,170,000 1994 116,878,000

For FY 1993, programs funded under Chapter 1 (SOP) to assist in educating children with disabilities in State-operated or State-supported programs received an average per pupil allocation of $432. This compares with $2.053 billion that was distributed to States for the provision of special education to children with disabilities through IDEA, Part B, with an average allocation of $411 per child.

II. Program Information and Analysis

Population Targeting

This program provides funds to States and territories based on a child count formula. In the 1992-93 school year, 276,377 children and youth, ages birth through 21, were served under this program (see Table 1). The Chapter 1 program serves about 4 percent of all children with disabilities ages 3 through 21 and provides additional funding for the same children ages birth through 2 for whom funds are provided under the Grants for Infants and Families programs.

Services

For the school year 1992-93, some 155,458 students, ages 6 through 17, received Chapter 1 support (See Table 1). States reported serving 76,449 infants and toddlers with disabilities under Chapter 1 (SOP) in 1992-93, a 15 percent increase over 1991-92. A total of 66,943 infants and toddlers were receiving early intervention services in non-Chapter 1 (SOP) programs. The increases in the numbers of infants and toddlers with disabilities reported under Chapter 1 (SOP) and other programs likely reflects States' increasing ability to provide more accurate counts of the actual number of children with disabilities served as their early intervention systems evolve.

Table 1
Number of Children Served Under Chapter 1 F ESEA (SOP) by Age Group

During the 1992-93 School Year

Age Group
State Birth Through 21 Birth Through 2 3-5 6-11 12-17 6-17 18-21
ALABAMA 1,861 666 169 215 643 858 168
ALASKA 3,422 558 280 1,514 984 2,498 86
ARIZONA 1,751 818 34 381 419 800 99
ARKANSAS 3,587 699 867 933 884 1,817 204
CALIFORNIA 4,244 878 194 422 1,462 1,884 1,288
COLORADO 3,950 822 52 1,388 1,281 2,669 407
CONNECTICUT 4,637 833 240 650 2,196 2,846 718
DELAWARE 2,555 10 18 1,062 1,261 2,323 204
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 4,753 162 196 2,097 1,966 4,063 332
FLORIDA 9,030 2,027 1,163 2,571 2,216 4,787 1,053
GEORGIA 2,414 204 248 680 985 1,665 297
HAWAII 1,037 680 27 73 200 273 25
IDAHO 1,188 638 291 99 135 234 25
ILLINOIS 49,417 4,578 858 18,330 21,276 39,606 4,375
INDIANA 8,496 2,679 72 2,513 2,076 4,589 1,156
IOWA 1,374 914 20 96 306 402 38
KANSAS 2,919 707 220 951 868 1,819 173
KENTUCKY 2,680 949 21 582 942 1,524 186
LOUISIANA 4,478 1,868 133 882 1,092 1,974 503
MAINE 1,002 0 49 233 603 836 117
MARYLAND 4,688 3,107 51 243 799 1,042 488
MASSACHUSETTS 21,035 6,484 2,837 4,687 5,351 10,038 1,676
MICHIGAN 15,191 2,911 1,002 3,550 5,225 8,775 2,503
MINNESOTA 2,768 2,353 7 68 283 351 57
MISSISSIPPI 844 90 105 242 261 503 146
MISSOURI 3,220 1,404 43 598 778 1,376 397
MONTANA 467 330 9 31 77 108 20
NEBRASKA 876 667 5 26 137 163 41
NEVADA 672 645 0 0 25 25 2
NEW HAMPSHIRE 1,901 644 325 329 421 750 155
NEW JERSEY 6,281 2,535 323 916 1,494 2,410 1,013
NEW MEXICO 302 47 56 73 80 153 46
NEW YORK 17,756 3,730 189 5,961 6,527 12,488 1,349
NORTH CAROLINA 2,374 761 62 413 822 1,235 316
NORTH DAKOTA 890 233 173 321 139 460 24
OHIO 5,380 0 306 1,654 1,911 3,565 1,509
OKLAHAMA 1,820 1,216 26 133 312 445 133
OREGON 11,136 1,322 2,032 3,286 3,286 6,969 813
PENNSYLVANIA 22,744 5,883 2,790 6,846 5,704 12,550 1,521
PURETO RICO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
RHODE ISLAND 1,238 494 59 196 323 519 166
SOUTH CAROLINA 1,739 973 209 162 268 430 127
SOUTH DAKOTA 637 239 18 142 121 263 117
TENNESSEE 2,811 1,956 78 157 458 615 162
TEXAS 14,992 7,782 1,061 2,568 2,704 5,272 877
UTAH 2,626 1,341 348 455 397 852 85
VERMONT 1,512 120 107 656 499 1,155 130
VIRGINIA 3,921 2,742 43 432 559 991 145
WASHINGTON 4,797 2,014 680 1,065 783 1,848 255
WEST VIRGINIA 1,701 1,084 127 148 254 402 88
WISCONSIN 3,988 2,167 34 1,024 593 1,617 180
WYOMING 508 433 0 8 56 64 11
AMERICAN SAMOA 36 0 0 11 19 30 6
GUAM 164 0 0 54 91 145 19
NORTHERN MARIANAS 204 34 15 71 76 147 8
PALAU 204 18 12 75 97 172 2
VIRGIN ISLANDS 149 0 60 25 38 63 26
BUR. OF INDIAN AFFAIRS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
U.S. AND OUTLYING AREAS 276,277 76,449 18,371 72,695 82,763 155,458 26,099
50 STATES, D.C. & P.R. 275,620 76,397 18,284 72,459 82,442 154,901 26,038

PLEASE SEE DATA NOTES FOR AN EXPLATION OF INDIVIDUAL STATE DIFFERNCES.

DATA AS OF OCTOBER 1993.

SOURCES: ANNUAL.CNTL(C4C9NX1A) 18OCT93

The majority of children receiving Chapter 1 services were students with mental retardation (48,844), followed by those with learning disabilities (35,814), and those with serious emotional disturbance (34,123) (see Table 2).

Table 2
Number of Children Age 6-21 Served Under Chapter 1 OF ESA (SOP) by Disability

During the 1992-93 School Year

State All Disabilities Specific Learning Disabilities Speech or Language Impairments Mental Retardation Serious Emotional Disturbance Multiple Disabilities Hearing Impairments Orthopedic Impairments
AL 1,026 39 1 110 361 63 257 0
AK 2,584 1,568 528 128 117 140 42 12
AZ 899 21 12 114 59 138 421 13
AR 2,021 79 87 1,034 3 357 221 69
CA 3,172 745 178 731 438 221 814 3
CO 3,3,076 461 189 583 440 1,016 162 124
CT 3,564 1,421 40 199 1,032 289 87 8
DE 2,527 808 6 764 414 0 98 239
DC 4,395 2,144 192 1,073 761 20 8 67
FL 5,840 403 201 2,973 662 0 529 699
GA 1,962 79 43 765 516 0 353 23
HI 330 36 2 65 53 59 42 50
ID 259 23 1 45 10 51 99 1
IL 43,981 12,203 1,096 11,642 14,096 0 1,820 1,722
IN 5,745 385 307 3,273 285 396 413 203
IO 440 21 0 12 199 12 136 0
KS 1,992 210 159 416 557 302 191 51
KY 1,710 138 85 470 294 223 288 44
LA 2,477 180 45 969 326 307 288 192
ME 953 50 15 128 506 181 43 10
MD 1,530 230 9 149 402 216 304 3
MA 11,714 7,073 1,614 1,288 1,064 250 116 71
MI 11,278 209 38 5,618 2,293 1,912 178 96
MN 408 41 0 19 115 0 171 1
MS 649 3 92 170 1 78 170 58
M0 1,773 0 0 1,527 27 0 151 0
MT 128 21 0 1 16 10 61 0
NE 204 38 16 27 39 3 49 0
NV 27 16 0 0 10 0 0 1
NH 905 78 53 145 105 182 178 16
NJ 3,423 386 6 959 607 729 199 76
NM 199 0 0 2 51 39 97 0
NY 13,837 2,711 1,978 2,168 2,015 1,988 1,559 655
NC 1,551 96 22 279 321 282 467 0
ND 484 26 57 234 11 0 14 41
OH 5,074 0 0 480 16 4,328 135 0
OK 578 17 0 60 71 202 153 5
OR 7,782 592 511 2,335 1,150 0 1,310 561
PA 14,071 1,917 1,270 4,427 2,893 488 691 868
PR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
RI 685 183 4 96 233 24 109 16
SC 557 18 1 154 16 140 149 0
SD 380 3 2 86 91 81 51 29
TN 777 41 10 251 217 38 206 0
TX 6,149 318 53 1,080 300 325 3,518 115
UT 937 39 23 202 86 123 287 34
VT 1,285 211 277 459 145 64 32 37
VA 1,136 35 4 125 139 57 151 1
WA 2,103 83 40 552 165 570 219 124
WV 490 46 15 151 51 0 96 26
WI 1,797 110 117 179 276 1,038 3 47
WY 75 28 1 0 32 0 13 0
Amer. Samoa 36 0 0 22 1 7 0 0
Guam 164 24 9 48 14 26 25 2
North. Marianas 155 80 12 18 2 28 9 4
Palau 174 127 13 7 4 2 5 6
Virgin Is. 89 0 2 32 15 31 1 0
Bur. of Indian Affairs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
U.S. & Outlying Areas 181,557 35,814 9,436 48,844 34,123 17,036 17,189 6,423
50 States, D.C. & P.R. 180,939 35,583 9,400 48,717 34,087 16,942 17,149 6,411
PLEASE SEE DATA NOTES FOR AN EXPLATION OF INDIVIDUAL STATE DIFFERNCES.

DATA AS OF OCTOBER 1993.

SOURCES: ANNUAL.CNTL(C4C9NX2A) 18OCT93

The majority of Chapter 1 students (33,066) were served in separate classes, followed by public residential facilities (22,914) and public separate facilities (20,798) (see Table 3).

Table 3
Number of Children Age 3-21 Served in Different Educational Environments Under Chapter 1 of ESEA (SOP)
State-Operated or State-Supported Programs During the 1991-92 School Year

All Disabilities

Number
State Regular Class Resource Room Separate Class Public Separate Facility Private Separate Facility Public Resident. Facility Private Resident. Facility Homebound Hospital Environment
AL 0 0 49 74 0 481 151 72
AK 1,056 1,180 159 0 0 1 0 2
AZ 0 0 46 419 107 247 0 27
AR 0 0 30 61 687 454 0 55
CA 0 36 0 70 0 2,250 0 69
CO 0 0 28 621 287 482 0 258
CT 123 182 361 113 123 221 148 106
DE 590 113 525 806 0 15 28 78
DC 0 32 2,638 733 485 4 263 13
FL 0 0 0 0 422 489 242 52
GA 110 135 0 159 0 1,470 0 0
HI 16 11 103 40 5 0 0 14
ID 0 36 25 170 34 7 1 6
IL 93 298 23,423 6,620 5,417 1,871 686 5
IN 0 0 0 0 0 530 0 0
IO 11 45 85 73 31 805 64 34
KS 11 45 85 73 31 805 64 34
KY 0 0 826 152 25 695 0 14
LA 0 0 16 9 3 1,094 0 6
ME 77 33 42 2 193 40 121 26
MD 116 67 13 106 0 506 485 0
MA 0 0 0 0 4,183 0 712 115
MI 50 44 1,315 4,385 - 746 12 38
MN 0 0 0 28 7 291 25 0
MS 0 3 0 112 0 411 0 36
M0 0 0 0 1,649 0 233 0 33
MT 44 0 112 0 0 22 0 0
NE 0 0 0 0 0 193 0 0
NV 0 27 0 0 0 0 0 0
NH 54 18 18 454 22 61 70 0
NJ 365 38 171 1,782 336 673 15 0
NM 0 0 0 0 0 125 0 124
NY 0 0 0 0 1,673 2,049 61 0
NC 87 43 35 3 75 931 334 90
ND - - 7 - - 58 1 -
OH 0 0 0 0 0 323 - 9
OK 0 0 13 9 10 438 0 23
OR 1,843 351 1,257 229 432 206 121 266
PA 430 215 1,480 385 3,844 302 727 185
PR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
RI 0 0 0 0 2 0 169 4
SC 0 70 37 97 0 473 0 0
SD 0 0 0 45 94 45 242 0
TN 0 28 1 151 0 635 0 92
TX 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
UT 0 0 0 0 0 588 0 199
VT 10 2 4 43 21 14 76 0
VA 342 42 82 11 1 456 2 93
WA 0 0 0 104 0 447 0 0
WV 0 0 0 48 185 162 0 90
WI 0 0 8 0 0 662 0 0
WY 0 0 0 18 0 79 0 0
Amer. Samoa 12 0 25 0 0 0 0 0
Guam 73 25 148 15 16 3 0 1
North. Marianas 98 90 11 0 0 0 0 2
Palau - - - - - - - -
Virgin Is. 0 0 0 8 0 0 12 0
Bur. of Indian Affairs - - - - - - - -
U.S. & Outlying Areas 5,600 3,164 33,066 20,798 18,720 22,914 4,768 2,237
50 States, D.C. & P.R. 5,417 3,049 32,882 20,775 18,704 22,911 4,756 2,234
THE NUMBER OF STUDENTS SERVED IN CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES AND IN PRIVATE SCHOOLS NOT PLACED OR REFERRED BY PUBLIC AGENCIES ARE DUPLICATE COUNTS. THESE STUDENTS ARE ALSO REPORTED AS BEING SERVED IN ONE OF THE OTHER RIGHT EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS.

PLEASE SEE DATA NOTESS FOR AN EXPLANATION OF INDIVIDUAL STATE DIFFERENCES.

DATA AS OF OCTOBER 1, 1993.

SOURCE: ANNUAL.CNTL (LBXXNP1A) 21OCT93

Management Improvement Strategies

As part of the reauthorization proposals for the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, the Department proposed that the Chapter 1 Program be eliminated and all children be served under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). In FY 1992, the Congress began the transition of merging the Chapter 1 Program with the formula grant programs under the IDEA through the appropriations process. From FY 1992 through FY 1994, the Congress reduced appropriations for the Chapter 1 Program for Handicapped Children. To offset the termination of funding for the Chapter 1 Program, the funds used in FY 1994 for children ages 3 through 21 under the Chapter 1 Program have been added to the request for the Grants to States Program and the funds used in FY 1994 for children ages birth through 2 have been added to the request for the Grants for Infants and Families program. The proposed elimination of authority for the Chapter 1 Program for Handicapped Children will complete the merger.

III. Sources of Information

Fifteenth Annual Report to Congress on the Implementation of the Individuals with Disabilities Act (Washington, DC; U.S. Department of Education, 1993).

IV. Planned Studies

None.

V. Contacts for Further Information

Program Operations:
Thomas B. Irvin, (202) 205-8825

Program Studies:
Susan Thompson-Hoffman, (202) 401-3630

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